![]() ![]() All the royal and chiefly families of Tonga trace their genealogical lines and mana to Tangaloa. Tangaloa ʻEitumātupuʻa is the divine father of ʻAhoʻeitu, the first Tuʻi Tonga (King of Tonga). In Tonga and Sāmoa, he is the god of creation, whereas in Hawaiʻi and Tahiti, he is the god of the sea. He is recognized throughout Moana Nui as Tangaroa, Tagaloa, Taʻaroa, and Kanaloa. In Tongan cosmogony, Tangaloa ʻEiki is the younger sibling of Hikuleʻo and the elder brother of Maui and Hina. Faiva taumafa kava began in the ancestral homeland of Pulotu, the realm of Hikuleʻo, and later performed in Langi, the Sky World of the Tangaloa clan, and Maama, Earth World of the Maui clan. Tongan tradition relates that Hikuleʻo, Tangaloa, and Maui often engaged in kava drinking ceremonies in Pulotu while the famous ʻAkaulea, the Talking-Tree, acted as the kava server, touʻa. The faiva taumafa kava, or the performing art of the kava ceremony, also began in Pulotu. ![]() Pulotu was probably the ancient hub for the art of poetry, music, and performance. In Tonga, when an artist attains all three areas of composition, the artist emerges as a punake, a master poet-composer-choreographer. Specifically, the art of pulotu faʻu (composing of poetic lyrics), pulotu hiva/fasi (composing of music), and pulotu haka (choreography). Pulotu is also the name for a composer of art. Hawaiki, Pulotu, and Kahiki are the three primary ancestral homelands of Moana Nui. She is the chiefess of the legendary island of Pulotu. The goddess Hikuleʻo is known primarily in Tonga and Sāmoa. In Tongan tradition, art forms are associated with deified ancestors Hikuleʻo, Tangaloa, Maui, and Hina. Tufunga is the Tongan equivalent of the Māori tohunga and Hawaiian kahuna (expert, priest, or healer). ‘Otua are linked to the three principal genres of Tongan arts: (1) tufunga, material arts, (2) faiva, performing arts, and (3) nimameaʻa, fine arts. They are known in Māori tradition as atua (ancestors or gods) and in Hawaiian as akua. Today, they are still revered within the pantheon of Moana Nui societies. Ancestors were deified due to their great achievements in the arts. In Moana Nui (Polynesia), originators of an art form are often elevated into deities. Thus, some cultures worship the creators of the arts. Kaʻili, PhD Professor of Cultural Anthropology & Dean of the Faculty of Culture, Language, and Performing Arts Brigham Young University Hawaiʻi.Īrt is a central thread of culture. ![]()
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